SOAS Research Online

Abstract

Indonesia in 2024 witnessed significant political, economic, and social developments. February’s elections resulted in the controversial victory of Prabowo Subianto and Gibran Rakabuming Raka as president and vice president, raising concerns about democratic backsliding and dynastic politics. Other political developments included ongoing judicial manipulation, weakened democratic institutions, and the further politicization of anti-corruption measures. Economically, Indonesia’s growth remained steady but unimpressive, amid promises of ambitious social programs and governance uncertainties under the new administration. Major structural challenges, including regulatory burdens and politically driven economic policies, exacerbated investor concerns. Internationally, Indonesia maintained its strategic balancing act between China, the US, and other global powers, while expanding defense and trade agreements. These dynamics, coupled with rising centralization and elite alignments, underscored the continuing erosion of Indonesia’s democratic and governance norms.